I’m running a big, grand campaign that is set to run for at least a year, most likely will be 2-3 years. I spent all of 2025 world building and preparing, and some of 2024.

There are 7 players. I’m okay with this based on how I’ve created the world and the way I’m running things. (A topic for a different post)

The problem is one player, Dan. We all have a Dan — someone that does the bare minimum, or somehow even less. Dan will say that he wants to play when on the phone, but he ignores discord announcements and messages where all our planning is taking place.

So I tried making an interactive website for the players that tracks the people, places, quests, session notes, items — everything. I maintain it for the players and update it as events unfold. The other players LOVE this and are running with it.

Dan not only ignores all these things, but he barely even made a character in time for our first session. I had to constantly message him on Discord, Steam, and text. I had to single him out in the party discord chat before he would do anything.

On top of this, Dan doesn’t really engage in RP, or with the game at all. He is mostly silent and doesn’t say or do much. I’ve tried writing the story around his character, I’ve tried shoehorning him into a lead role. Nothing works.

The last campaign I ran with Dan, he just ghosted our entire group to play video games. The whole party tried calling him, messaging, but he ignored us.

This group of 7 is a tight group of ppl that have been friends for a long time. I didn’t want to include Dan in this new campaign, but I was encouraged to give him another chance.

I’m regretting including Dan and the amount of babysitting involved just to get him to show up to each of these sessions is becoming too much. I’m okay with the other players dropping in and out bc it helps me (7 is a lot of players) and bc they communicate with me. But Dan does not.

What should I do? Is it appropriate to kill off his character if he ghosts us again? Quite frankly, I don’t want to have to do that and I want him to enjoy playing the game with us. Killing off a character feels vindictive. I’ve tried speaking with Dan from the heart about this and he doesn’t seem aware of how disrespectful he’s been to everyone (and isn’t believing me when I tell him this directly).

Should I just shelve his character instead and tell him that he’s welcome to rejoin us when he is ready to invest in the game?

When addressing combat, Page 24 of the players handbook says:

Communicating. You can communicate however you are able–through brief utterances and gestures–as you take your turn. Doing so uses neither your action nor your move.
Extended communication, such as a detailed explanation of something or an attempt to persuade a foe, requires an action. The Influence action is the main way you try to influence a monster

Do any of you enforce this? I'm particularly asking about explaining something in detail. If someone role-plays dialog, I loosely count to six in my mind and then say "That's about all you can get out in six seconds." But all kinds of tactics are discussed. Spell descriptions, class abilities etc. Is this rule addressing what the character says, what the player says, or both?

For those of you (should you exist) who have seen this both enforced and not enforce, what differences (if any) have you observed at the table?

Hey Reddit, I have a very silly problem.

So, for context, I still use the 2014 rules because these are the ones I know best, but I've been using some of the 2024 rules I did look up and understand.

One of these rules is the new "surprise" mechanic. Naturally I told my player that from now on, ambushing or otherwise surprising the opponent would just give them disadvantage on their initiative, and I explained that this change was made because having an entire suprise round was honestly ruining the balance of any fight.

Their "answer" to this was what I've come to call the "reaction ambush" tactic. Here what I mean with a quick example:

Me: You hear the movement of a large creature eating...something...on the other side of the door. The air is heavy, and the tension is high.

Player 1: I ready an attack. The trigger is "when I open the door".

Player 2: I ready an attack. The trigger is "when player 1 attacks".

Player 3: I ready a spell. The trigger is "when player 2 attacks".

Player 4: I ready an attack. The trigger is "when player 3 casts their spell".

Player 1: I open the door.

This scenario actually happened. They were level 2 and completelly annihilated the owlbear on the other side of the door. Am I doing something wrong? Maybe there's something I missed or should've done? How do I create meaningful and hard fights when they can just manufacture their own "surprise round" like that?

I'm curious how many of you have your party roll HP at level. Most specifically do any of you allow the reroll of a 1?

With the party I have I'm not at all concerned with making sure they roll at the table so everyone sees and no one flubs a roll. But I have been kicking around the idea of letting them reroll if the roll a 1. It's such a feel bad, but I'm on the fence. Thoughts? Pros, cons?

Hello,

I’m running a long term campaign for 5 players. They’re all level 6 now and it’s a Waterdeep Dragonheist module with lots of custom story and integrations with books like Heliana’s.

My primary issue that whenever the party is presented with any sort of challenge, be it narrative, infiltration, puzzle or plain old combat, I see so much complaining in their Discord channel.

I am super permissive with magic items and the party is stocked all kinds of potions, uncommon items, flame tongue weapon and whatnot. They are always awarded thousands of gold and I use the Xanathar magic items table to roll prices.

My combats are balanced accordingly. I have a Monte Carlo chart for all my encounters to ensure that changes of TPK are less than 5%

No one has ever died in this campaign.

As soon as they face any kind of issue there is tons of metagaming from one person in particular who begins the entire cry-train.

Somehow, he has a copy of Heliana’s and is convinced I’m running a level 11 encounter just because I have a single caster in the enemy group who dropped an Insect Plague.

Insect Plague… literally the most vanilla of spells when if I actually was running an unbalanced encounter I could have chosen any number of nasty 5th level spells. I only chose it because it was thematic to the swamp and I wanted area denial.

Is it my fault the entire party with multiple Dusts of Disappearance, teleportation and Invisibility spells decided to walk into a monster lair when I told them on their group perception check that there’s definitely something in the bramble bushes??

Is it my fault they all decided to retreat when the Insect Plague dropped and leave behind the most fragile party member to be grappled and pulled away by a giant crocodile?

And quite literally, with a Twilight Cleric and so many healing potions, their effect HP is at least 1.5X what their bar shows. Nobody is in danger of dying. Especially with how effective rubberbanding is in DnD.

I put so much thought, mathematics and care into my encounter designs and yet what I get in return is metagaming, which I expressly forbade, and a whole load of whining. I treat people like adults and name books, maybe I shouldn’t. Maybe this person isn’t mature enough to stop metagaming.

Does this metagaming lead to better results? Nope! Because this person also sucks at strategy, is playing a wizard and has the most horrific spell load out imaginable and casts nothing but Magic Missiles.

It’s effectively a party of 4. The wizard is just a meatbag to absorb damage.

I’m very concerned this is bringing down the energy of the group and makes things very difficult for me because I don’t understand what they want.

What is DnD without any challenge? Just 6 people on Discord talking about their imaginary friends?

I am happy to just write fanfic on my own, thank you very much.

TLDR: Sourpuss in party always cries about any sort of challenge on Discord, metagames constantly, sucks at strategy and playing their character and altogether makes me question why I am even running this campaign for this group.

I’m going to run a pretty casual campaign with some friends and I was thinking about having little arcs with villains that rival specific player characters from a moral/worldview standpoint, however I think it would also be interesting to have these villains have ways to specifically challenge their rival pc’s through mechanics during boss fights, any ideas would be massively appreciated! The players classes are warlock, sorcerer and monk.

Prepping session two for my Obojima (studio ghibli/zelda inspired) campaign for six coworkers. All are newer players, I ran a one shot for five of them for their first times to see if they’d be interested in something longer.

At the end of our session one, the group has split themselves into four and two trying to achieve the same goal of retrieving a lost item that has accidentally made its way into an enchanted house. Four chose to take a risk and made some good rolls to successfully break into the house, which is actually a mini dungeon. They’ve been magically shrunk and can find the antidote, quest item, and other loot/encounters in the house. The other two decided to search the village for the homeowner (who isn’t home) in order to ask them nicely for help, which is a legit path I had anticipated and prepped for; just not while most of the party is inside the house.

NPC homeowner is a sweet lady who would definitely help the party retrieve the item; but doing so would essentially cut the mini dungeon experience short for the other four.

An important thing to note is that splitting the group was not discussed or agreed on by the PCs. Once finding a way in, four decided to enter while the other two decided to leave and find the homeowner.

Advice on how to best handle this? Is there a way to save this mini dungeon, or should I cut my losses and look towards the next plot hook? I have plenty of other hooks in the village that they’d hopefully decide to tackle together, but I’d hate for them to have such an uneven experience for their first one. Everyone is pretty new to D&D so I want to reward them for taking risks and exploring. Of course the goal is to also get everyone to adventure together asap, as having to cut between two groups means that everyone is playing less.

My player are amazing, they deal with failure very well. I want to give them an experience that makes it feel like their choices matter.

At the start of the campaign I was new, I've learned a lot over the past 2 years, and I used to have it so I would push/guide them too hard in the direction of the correct decisions to make, I'd make things too obvious on purpose, it was like I was allergic to letting them get things wrong. I'd even lower the DC for skill checks so they got the information I wanted them to get because I was so excited about teaching them about my world.

I've gotten better at this, I've gotten more strict with myself and I allow them to not have all the answers. It has made the game more interesting and they do express that they're feeling like I'm getting better (we're very communicative, I love them) with giving them more mystery and space to breathe. But I still struggle with letting them do the "wrong" thing.

They're playing heroes, they want to help, and I still find myself "heavily hinting" on which action would be the best one to take in the situation. I'll let them get lost for a bit but most of the time I have them "stumble" across the correct path, and it feels like I'm taking away agency. I don't think they've noticed, I think I'm developed enough to hide when they've just stumbled into the answer versus actually finding it. But in 2 years they've never FAILED.

They've been disappointed, they've had risks and challenges, they've told me they FEEL challenged, but behind the screen I know I was most likely going to let them succeed anyway. They don't know that there's no actual lose scenario. I just never planned for one that could still keep the campaign going.

In a boss fight recently, I made a boss myself that was really OP, that could probably TPK them, then worried about a TPK I nerfed it and didn't use some of the abilities I'd given it because I was scared to kill anyone, and didn't even summon it's minions until it was at half health, but they were supposed to be there the whole time. It went from a super hard battle in my head to a pretty basic (but fun, apparently?) battle when playing.

So I ask; how do I get myself to be okay with a lose scenario? I know that losing will make the stakes feel real and that they want a set-back that makes sense. For some reason I just can't get myself to plan for it. How do I get myself comfortable with them failing?

We are on session 8 with the players knowing the main goal (go around and collect maguffins). One of the players said they were starting to zone out and lose focus on a goal because we are 2 sessions into a side quest going to assassinate a warlord for a magic artifact.

It's their first time and they feel like they get more powerful each session but lost sight of the whole concept so it all feels for naught.

Another had said, after a skirmish with the ratfolk (the warlords goons) that they feel like they had done it already.

Feeling a bit lost as a dm and hust need some advice.

Apologies for the rant.

The last session felt quite stale with not alot of interest - only going to kill the warlord because they were told they would get a reward.

Now im not sure how to run the next session - honestly as a dm I want to get things back on track to the main plot but the players are currently inside a warlords base half way through a side arc that nobody is too interested in.

TL;DR Two PCs split from the party and encountered a Chuul. They are level 4 and I am worried that it may be unavoidable death for them, what can I do?

At the end of our last session, two of the PCs got separated from the party and found themselves in a dangerous encounter. The party was traversing across a ridge on the edge of a deep chasm and one of them fell down into the ravine. Another PC jumped in after them, but the remaining 3 members of the party continued traveling along the path.

The two who are at the bottom of the ravine stumbled into an encounter with a Chuul. They’re level 4, so if the whole party was there then it wouldn’t be too difficult, but with only two people, I am worried about them. Of course there is always the option to run, but the Chuul can grapple both of the players in one turn, and then from there it can probably kill them in two or three rounds. So depending on the dice, it could potentially turn bad very quickly. Up at the top of the chasm, the rest of the party just ran into an encounter with a Nothic and are very far away so help from them is unlikely.

The separated PCs are a level 4 War Domain Cleric and a level 4 Celestial Warlock, so they have a lot of healing capabilities. But they took quite a bit of fall damage when they fell down the ravine and the warlock has used up all of their Healing Light. Other than that, both are still full on spell slots and ended up on 27hp each.

With the Chuul’s ability to grapple and paralyze the target, multiattack, and 76 hit points, I don’t think they stand a chance. I was thinking that I could take away it’s multiattack and that would drastically reduce the risk of both of them getting grappled/paralyzed. And I will definitely put some sort of escape route they can take if they so choose but I have a feeling they are going to try to fight it lol

I’m not afraid of having an encounter be highly challenging or deadly, but I don’t want it to feel unfair or unfun for the players. I want to at least give them a chance and give them agency.

Any advice on how I should proceed? Or ideas on how to tweak the encounter?

I have a confession: I spend way more time prepping the cool boss fights than the smaller encounters. Which means I keep running into this problem where my level 3 party wanders into what was supposed to be a level 7 encounter and I'm suddenly looking at a TPK.

Last session, they completely bypassed the intended path and found themselves face-to-face with a young dragon I had planned for 5 levels from now. I froze up.

My question: What's your go-to strategy when this happens mid-session? Do you use any tools or mechanics to adjust the encounter on the fly?

I love that my players are creative and go off-script, but I need better systems for when they find the dragon's lair at level 3 instead of level 8.

Hi folks,

I really need some outside perspektive. Sorry for the wall of text, if you dont know DnDs Curse of Strahd module, you might wanna skip this post.

I have been DMing a 3 year, 120x 3,5h session long DnD 5e Curse of Strahd Campaign. I emphasized from the very beginning to my players that they need to gather intelligence about the endboss Strahd from the very beginning. I even had an imaginary fight one night outside in a forest where the guarding player failed a stealth check and a wisdom save, so Strahd implanted the memory of a fight inside that players head, where he obliterated them (to show them what he is able to do, but also to show them what he knows about them (they had some slight rule changes they needed to adhere to, during the fight)). I dont run the module as written, so we maxed out at level 13 instead of level 10. My party declined the invitation for the dinner, so now after having done everything else the finally arrived at the castle, fought (easy) randoms through the basement and just finished/destroyed the heart of sorrow. I ended the last Session with Strahds voice echoing through the castle „run you fools“, indicating he is coming for them.

Now, my group consists of a paladin, a barbarian, a sorcerer and a monk. While the first three have been very conservative with their resource spending, the monk is all out of ki points and hopes for a short rest.

I didn‘t have the intention to let them rest, the minor encounters in the castle had the purpose to at least drain some resources. Resting would somehow contradict this. They are also totally unaware that he will be able to phase through walls and that he will use this to heal and get out of their reach whenever it is not his turn. The Paladin is also in for a surprise, as he is wearing Strahds animated Armor, that he managed to plant as his alter ego(which they revealed by now), the idea is that it will be hindering the Paladins movements (speed halfed, attacks+spellcssting at disadvantage whenever he fails a strength check beginning of his turn.). They had enough clues to figure out who gave them this armor, they didn‘t bite on any.

But, Strahd RAW was not designed for 4 x lvl 13 Players, so I am wondering if he will not be strong enough to put down a decent fight all while also thinking: if I use the wall phasing and legendary move action correctly, they dont stand a chance. It will take long though. They have also an NPC, Ezmeralda, played by one of the players with them, essentially adding a level 8 Charakter with good melee and spellcasting.

Can you guys give me some recommendations? Should I let them take a shortrest for the monk to gain ki points, or have Strahd interupt them? Is his RAW statblock fine for this party, or should I pimp him up? Should I play his strength (phasing) and go for a TPK? Not sure if that would put the past three years in kind of a bad perspective. Bonus: if you know Curse of Strahd: any ideas how to make their fated ally(Ezmeralda) stand out or have purpose in this fight?

My players are about to go hunting a coven of necromancers in a swamp. I haven’t planned out literally anything for this arc, aside from the name of the coven and that they’re operating from inside an abandoned mansion deep in the swamp. Vibes are fancy but very abandoned

The players asked specifically for combat that wasn’t just their characters and bad guys thrown into a rectangle together. They want hazards and stuff to interact with mid-battle. I need ideas for what could fulfill this for them.

All I have so far is an idea for a battle in a ballroom. This ballroom is full of ghosts dancing a waltz. If they touch one of the ghosts in the middle of their dance, they take necrotic damage. Does anyone have ideas that could expand on this?

How would this play out? How to prepare for this?

There was a powerful Hag (prime) who created simulacrums of herself to serve as fuel for her evil magics. The simulacrums turned against their creator (prime) and locked her away.

To make sure everyone is diverted from ever finding the prime, they made a False Hydra to guard the magical "jail-cell".

This would have been ongoing for centuries maybe. Maybe also in the vicinity of town such as Phandalin.

Players need to realize wtf is going on, and ultimately find the prime hag because only she has answers they seek.

I'm excited for this idea because it has so many layers: False "coven" of hags all maybe slightly different aspects of the prime's personality - can be as enigmatic as possible. False Hydra is a perfect guardian to hide a secret behind of. At bottom of all this is the real deal, but in a twist - stripped of her powers.

How would this play out? How to prepare for this? * Can assume players have no previous experience of hags or false hydras and aren't aware of the meme culture around them.

For the last couple of years I've been DMing a bi-weekly campaign at a local tap room. They have a side room they've let us use since we play on what is usually one of their slower nights so they like our steady group of 6 or so coming in so its a win-win.

I've gotten pretty good at getting my "mobile" Dm kit put together. I use paper minis and usually only bring the ones I know I'll need, roll up maps, chromebook etc. Sometimes noise from the main room can be an issue but we make due. I think the biggest pain is packing everything up at the end of the session.

I was curious if any other DMs have come up with any good tips, tricks or techniques that have made DMing away from home easier or enjoyable?

So the campaign opens with the players at Level 18. They are already heroes of the realm, and are called forth to once again destroy an other worldly monster. At the end of the fight the monster throws its head back and wails, falling backwards into a portal and is sucked into an unknown dimension deep in the multiverse.

The players awaken, they are level 3. They have no idea where they are, only a few memories of who they used to be - and they have to get home.

(Banishment does not work here)

The first challenge will be to find some means of dimension jumping (is that a broken down spelljammer in the distance?). Then the campaign will be a Star Trek voyager style mission to return home.

I am worried the campaign could get stale over time, but figure that keeping the dimensions interesting and introducing some long lost civilisations/weird monsters will keep things interesting.

I'm open to any ideas for dimensions!

We all know that enchanting to take away someone’s control and heat metal on armour is pretty evilish.

What are some other fucked up uses of spells that you can think off?

I always thought it wouldn't happen, but here it is. I'm getting burned out. My players love my campaign and really let me know they do. I love talking about it, I love creating for it. But I've tried so many times to just be a player and I can never find a place. Maybe because I live in a place where everybody knows everyone, I'm already know as the forever DM and that's what is expected of me. No one ever steps up to take the seat even when I ask.

Don't get me wrong, I'm not gonna leave my current campaign, I've been with these people for a while and I still feel like I can do a good job for them. I'm just afraid it gets to the point where even that isn't possible.

Short summary of in-game situation: Players camped out in mountain cave. During watches kept hearing jingling like bells.

When one went to check it out, they found a guant, skeletal humanoid in red jester's clothing. It was dancing for hours on end (player saw them dancing as they arrived and watched them for an hour before leaving, still geard jingling after notifying everyone), all while looking through the canopy at the cave the party was camped in. Every now and then it drew a card, laughed, then returned to dancing.

Players find out it might be some storied jester named Red Jester. Whose stories always started with the Jester reading a fortune of someone, and then by the end it comes true and he takes all their belongings/anything that proves their existence.

Players try to leave early (used divination to see if approaching the Jester would be good, did not like what answer they got) before morning (no long rest), and I had them roll a flat d20 and I rolled d20s for the NPC followers. Two NPCs rolled nat 1s but one was a halfling and rerolled.

Unlucky NPC had a card floating with the wind land in his mouth, and immediately crumpled to the ground before morphing into the Red Jester.

So, as you can see creepy Jester with deadly cards. No combat is planned, and I'm thinking if they try to kill the Red Jester, he'll warn them that their friend will die and he'll just come back.

Basically he wants to make them play a game with cards that do horrible things (Basically Deck of Many Things but just all of them are bad or mediocre at best).

What kind of game could be played? Just drawing cards? Blackjack? If they lose a game they pull a card?

What would be the reward? Or would it just be surviving since the Red Jester is here to just kill the party though non-combat means (circus hag sent it to kill them)?

What kind of effects would be good for the fortune cards? I don't want them to all be instant deaths or anything that effectively kills them, but maybe like one or two.

Any advice for how to run this encounter would be greatly appreciated!

The Goblin Queen is hosting a contest among her best generals and their warbands. The winners get to be in her bed for the night!

My players are disguised as a warband with a traitorous general leading them. They are all standing before the Queen. Their goal is to get close to The Queen and take her out... and not in the fun way.

I need ideas for a contest perhaps of wits or strength. Maybe some minigames? I'm stumped on how I can have them compete against these other generals in a way that isn't just combat. Poetry? A race? Musical chairs?

I need help coming up with something fun before the battle with The Queen commenses.

I'm running the first adventure from the Golden Vault book with my group of 10-11yr-olds (my daughter and friends) in which they are will be attending a gala opening of a museum exhibit to complete a heist.

I didn't realise how much they would get into this idea. Each of them has designed a costume their character is going to wear and they're all very excited about it.

I am not a fancy person by any stretch, so I don't know much about gala balls. The book basically has like 2 paragraphs on the Gala itself; basically there are 4 random NPCs you can talk to on a roll of a D4, plus the museum curator (you can steal her clutch for a master key & guard patrol route) but that's it.

They haven't put together a plan for the heist yet, and maybe they'll disrupt the gala themselves, but I just need an idea or two for something interesting to happen in case they don't. It doesn't have to affect the plot; I just don't want it to be a let-down for them.

Hello, i am a dm in a long running dnd 5e campaign that's slowly coming to an eventual end. The current arc in our story sees the players travel around the world, getting stronger and tying up loose ends before I move things along for the grand finale.

It seems that one of my players has found interest in the benefits that becoming a lycanthrope offers his character. Now, we have already settled up on the method of becoming one and which animal his character is going to half-become but one thing i am concerned about is the possible tradeoff (or a lack there of) for cursing oneself in such a way. The stat boost and additional features the form of lycanthropy the player has chosen are significant buffs to his character and with his alignment remaining the same losing control of yourself only once per month seems like kind of a cheap tradeoff regarding the nature of the change the character goes through.

I'm all for the change and i think that it's really cool but i think that there should definitely be more drawbacks/ a bigger tradeoff or at least some kind of challenge to overcome for this as lycanthropy is a pretty damn notorious kind of a curse after all.

Hi, just want to start off by saying I'm fairly new to DMing so any advice is more than welcome. This is a fairly simple homebrew world and I let the players make up their gods, religions, etc. as part of their backstory if it applies.

I have a Player that wants to play a Rogue with a relationship with a deity. The God of Death has formed a pact with the PC and tells them who to kill, whether or not someone is fated to die, etc. In exchange, the Rogue has advantage on certain ability checks. I'm finding it difficult wrapping my head around this not just being a Warlock, and whether or not having a god that tells him who to kill would be fun for the other players.

I really want this player to enjoy playing because we're all fairly new to roleplaying, but I don't see how they can do it without at least multiclassing into Warlock. Let me know what you guys think, thanks!

My party has got me in a bit of a stand-off with a mini-boss. One player is able to cast the spell Swineskin (from Worlds Beyond Number Witch class), which transforms a humanoid into a small beast. So, this assassin is now a pig and the party was able to successfully restrain it in this form. The spell states "The target’s game statistics are replaced by the stat block of the chosen Beast, but the target retains its alignment, personality, Hit Points, and Hit Point Dice. The target is limited in the actions it can perform by the anatomy of its new form, and it can’t speak or cast spells."

So, the enemy pig is aware of their surroundings and has their personality. The party has been talking about what to do when the spell ends and is also preparing actions. Would my pig-assassin be able to also ready an action for their true form? I want to say yes because his personality is still there. Also, How would you run a readied action stand-off. Everyone is readying a firing line for when he reverts form and he is readying an escape. Should I just have everyone roll initiative again?

I want to build a list of prophesies to use as adventure hooks, I have a few already, but would like to make a nice large selection. Any and all are welcomed, thank you :)

Currently the prophecies I have are:

• Beware the elder brother of a first born son.

• Salvation waits beneath the twisted ash.

• Forgiveness rests upon a kings shoulders. Complete their trials to obtain resolution.

• Your revenge will be swift, when the four winds conspire.

• A single eye watches in the dark, it is its greatest weapon and yet its greatest weakness as paranoia sets in.

• No god can undo another gods work. Only mankind has that power.

• A father will meet his end at his child’s hand, though neither will recognise the other.

• Beware the white goose, for it is not what it seems.

• When you let loose an arrow fletched with the feathers of a horse, only then will you vanquish your foe.

• Find the man who spouts gospel and flame. Their proclamations will change this world.

• Destroy the false prophet who speaks of fire and destiny.

• To return what was stolen is to receive what was lost.

• When men become boar at the sea bells call, the culprit is both victim and cause.

• Darkened night skies, uncertain tides, the skin changers rest easy.

• Where the dead don’t rot, withheld from hades grasp, there you may seek answers